loading...| Preferred Name |
Nucleotide metabolism |
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| Synonyms |
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| Definitions |
Nucleotides and their derivatives are used for short-term energy storage (ATP, GTP), for intra- and extra-cellular signaling (cAMP; adenosine), as enzyme cofactors (NAD, FAD), and for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. Most dietary nucleotides are consumed by gut flora; the human body's own supply of these molecules is synthesized de novo. Additional metabolic pathways allow the interconversion of nucleotides, the salvage and reutilization of nucleotides released by degradation of DNA and RNA, and the catabolism of excess nucleotides (Rudolph 1994). These pathways are regulated to control the total size of the intracellular nucleotide pool, to balance the relative amounts of individual nucleotides, and to couple the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides to the onset of DNA replication (S phase of the cell cycle).<P>These pathways are also of major clinical interest as they are the means by which nucleotide analogues used as anti-viral and anti-tumor drugs are taken up by cells, activated, and catabolized (Weilin and Nordlund 2010). As well, differences in nuclotide metabolic pathways between humans and aplicomplexan parasites like Plasmodium have been exploited to design drugs to attack the latter (Hyde 2007).<p>The movement of nucleotides and purine and pyrimidine bases across lipid bilayer membranes, mediated by SLC transporters, is annotated as part of the module "transmembrane transport of small molecules". Reviewed: Graves, L, Rush, MG, 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Edited: D'Eustachio, P, Gillespie, ME, Joshi-Tope, G, 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Authored: Jassal, B, 2003-06-26 04:06:16 |
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| ID |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0014489 |
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| comment |
Nucleotides and their derivatives are used for short-term energy storage (ATP, GTP), for intra- and extra-cellular signaling (cAMP; adenosine), as enzyme cofactors (NAD, FAD), and for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. Most dietary nucleotides are consumed by gut flora; the human body's own supply of these molecules is synthesized de novo. Additional metabolic pathways allow the interconversion of nucleotides, the salvage and reutilization of nucleotides released by degradation of DNA and RNA, and the catabolism of excess nucleotides (Rudolph 1994). These pathways are regulated to control the total size of the intracellular nucleotide pool, to balance the relative amounts of individual nucleotides, and to couple the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides to the onset of DNA replication (S phase of the cell cycle). These pathways are also of major clinical interest as they are the means by which nucleotide analogues used as anti-viral and anti-tumor drugs are taken up by cells, activated, and catabolized (Weilin and Nordlund 2010). As well, differences in nuclotide metabolic pathways between humans and aplicomplexan parasites like Plasmodium have been exploited to design drugs to attack the latter (Hyde 2007). The movement of nucleotides and purine and pyrimidine bases across lipid bilayer membranes, mediated by SLC transporters, is annotated as part of the module "transmembrane transport of small molecules". Reviewed: Graves, L, Rush, MG, 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Edited: D'Eustachio, P, Gillespie, ME, Joshi-Tope, G, 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Authored: Jassal, B, 2003-06-26 04:06:16 |
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| definition source |
Pubmed17266529 Pubmed8283301 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org Pubmed20494131 |
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| label |
Nucleotide metabolism |
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| located_in | ||
| name |
Metabolism of nucleotides |
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| prefixIRI |
HINO:0014489 |
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| prefLabel |
Nucleotide metabolism |
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| seeAlso |
GENE ONTOLOGYGO:0055086 ReactomeREACT_1698 Reactome Database ID Release 4315869 |
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| subClassOf | ||
| has_part |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0014483 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0014450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003554 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003556 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003555 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003553 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003559 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0003558 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0014448 |