http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#Temporal_Lobe_Epilepsy

Temporal_Lobe_Epilepsy

1989 ILAE Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Temporal lobe syndromes are characterized by simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, and secondarily generalized seizures, or combinations of these. Frequently, there is a history of febrile seizures, and a family history of seizures is common. Memory deficits may occur. On metabolic imaging studies, hypometabolism is frequently observed [e.g., positron emission tomography (PET)]. Unilateral or bilateral temporal lobe spikes are common on EEG. Onset is frequently in childhood or young adulthood. Seizures occur in clusters at intervals or randomly. General characteristics Features strongly suggestive of the diagnosis when present include: 1. Simple partial seizures typically characterized by autonomic and/or psychic symptoms and certain sensory phenomena such as olfactory and auditory (including illusions). Most common is an epigastric, often rising, sensation. 2. Complex partial seizures often but not always beginning with motor arrest typically followed by oroalimentary automatism. Other automatisms frequently follow. The duration is typically >1 min. Postictal confusion usually occurs. The attacks are followed by amnesia. Recovery is gradual. Electroencephalographic characteristics In temporal lobe epilepsies the interictal scalp EEG may show the following: 1. No abnormality.
 2. Slight or marked asymmetry of the background activity.
 3. Temporal spikes, sharp waves and/or slow waves, unilateral or bilateral, synchronous but also asynchronous. These findings are not always confined to the temporal region. 4. In addition to scalp EEG findings, intracranial recordings may allow better definition of the intracranial distribution of the interictal abnormalities. In temporal lobe epilepsies various EEG patterns may accompany the initial clinical ictal symptomatology, including (a) a unilateral or bilateral interruption of background activity; and (b) temporal or multilobar low-amplitude fast activity, rhythmic spikes, or rhythmic slow waves. The onset of the EEG may not correlate with the clinical onset depending on methodology. Intracranial recordings may provide additional information regarding the chronologic and spatial evolution of the discharges.

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#ILAE_1989_1.2_Symptomatic_Epilepsy

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#Epilepsy_Syndrome_List_Cited_from_1989_to_2014

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#ILAE_1989_1.2_Secondary_Epilepsy

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#ILAE_1989_1.2_Epilepsy_of_Known_Etiology