Preferred Name

Teratogenicity

Synonyms
ID

http://www.semanticweb.org/administrator/ontologies/2022/0/untitled-ontology-34#OWLClasse01cb595_7d4d_4ca6_99b2_227fd559524e

Belgium_recommandations

孕妇应首选拉莫三嗪和左乙拉西坦,因为这两种药物致畸率最低,但对神经发育的影响尚不明确(数据有限)。推荐卡马西平为替代药物(卡马西平显示出比拉莫三嗪更高的致畸率,但对神经发育没有影响),奥卡西平也可作为替代药物(致畸率很低,但对神经发育的影响上无充分数据)。 Lamotrigine and levetiracetam are first-choice treatment options in pregnant women (and women of childbearing potential) because they carry the lowest risk of major con-genital malformations and have no known impact on neu-robehavioral development (although data for levetiracetam are still limited). Carbamazepine is recommended as alternative first choice; it shows higher malformation rates than lamotrigine and levetiracetam but no impact on neu-rodevelopment. Oxcarbazepine could also be consid-ered; malformation rates are low but data on neurobehavioral development are sparse. Mauri Llerda JA, Suller Marti A, de la Peña Mayor P, Martínez Ferri M, Poza Aldea JJ, Gomez Alonso J, Mercadé Cerdá JM. The Spanish Society of Neurology's official clinical practice guidelines for epilepsy. Special considerations in epilepsy: comorbidities, women of childbearing age, and elderly patients. Neurologia. 2015 Oct;30(8):510-7. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2014.08.002. Epub 2015 Jan 21. PMID: 25618222.

China_expert_opinion_2013

计划妊娠:对癫痫有效控制且可能减停药物的女性癫痫患者,建议在停用AEDs 6个月后可考虑计划妊娠。如果癫痫患者不可能停用药物而计划怀孕,癫痫专科医师应尽量将AEDs调整至单药治疗的低剂量,再建议患者怀孕,并告知如下风险:癫痫发作本身及AEDs均对胎儿有负面影响。如丙戊酸800 mg以上的13剂量可增加胎儿致畸的风险。推荐癫痫女性孕前3个月每天服用叶酸≤5 mg,以减少叶酸代谢相关致胎儿畸形的风险。 "关于成人癫痫患者长程管理的专家共识." 中华神经科杂志 .07(2013):496-499. AEDs的致畸性:在能够控制癫痫发作的情况下,尽可能避免多药治疗。在单药治疗的患者中尽可能降低药物剂量。常用AEDs中以丙戊酸和苯巴比妥的致畸率最高,应尽量避免在妊娠期妇女中使用。如果因为病情需要而必须选择丙戊酸治疗,应当使用800 mg以下日剂量的单药治疗。有证据表明,新型AEDs如拉莫三嗪等致畸率较低。其他新型AEDs尚无大规模妊娠登记。 "关于成人癫痫患者长程管理的专家共识." 中华神经科杂志 .07(2013):496-499. 临床医生应充分告知患者服用AEDs可能存在的致畸风险。目前比较明确的是,托吡酯在孕早期的单药治疗可引起肢端骨骼异常、先天性心脏病、唇腭裂等畸形。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971.

China_expert_opinion_2015

生育期女性癫痫患者应向癫痫专科医生和产科医生进行孕前咨询,了解与癫痫相关的妊娠并发症和AEDs可能存在的致畸作用,以便依据个体情况对是否怀孕做出选择。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971. China_expert_opinion_2015 在妊娠前一个月和早期妊娠阶段,口服5mg/d大剂量叶酸,可在一定程度上降低胎儿发生先天畸形的风险。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971. 目前临床所使用的AEDs几乎都能透过胎盘屏障。一些AEDs如苯巴比妥、扑痫酮可在胎儿体内蓄积,可能会增加胎儿发生各类先天畸形的风险。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971. 妊娠早期服用AEDs对胎儿影响最大。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971. 在妊娠18-20周期间,患者应在产科医生指导下对胎儿进行超声检查,及时发现心脏、颅面骨、神经管等可能存在的先天畸形。 中国医师协会神经内科分会癫(癎)专委会. "妊娠期女性抗癫(癎)药物应用中国专家共识." 中国医师杂志 17.7(2015):969-971.

China_guidence

孕前咨询:告知患者癫痫发作及AEDs对妊娠及胎儿风险。妊娠期使用AEDs可能对癫痫女性后代智力发育造成影响,尤其是苯巴比妥和丙戊酸。目前尚无足够的证据来评估新型AEDs(加巴喷丁、左乙拉西坦、噻加宾、托吡酯、氨己烯酸)的致畸性。大剂量丙戊酸(超过800mg/天)以及联合丙戊酸的多药治疗的致畸风险明显增加;告知患者补充叶酸和维生素K的必要性。如果孕妇或者配偶有癫痫疾病,尤其是有特发性癫痫及癫痫及相关遗传病家族史者,应当进行遗传咨询。 Li, S. and Hong, Z., 2015. Lin chuang zhen liao zhi nan. Beijing: Ren min wei sheng chu ban she. 妊娠:孕妇除定期进行产科检查外,还应定期就诊于癫痫专科医生;根据临床发作情况及时调整AEDs的剂量,尽量减少和避免发作,尤其是全面性强直-阵挛发作。孕妇也需要了解,没有证据表明局灶性、失神以及肌阵挛性发作会影响妊娠期与发育阶段的胎儿,除非患者跌倒或者受到了伤害;如果妊娠期间发作控制不佳,要充分考虑到妊娠相关因素的影响,如剧烈呕吐、依从性差等;妊娠16-20周时应该对胎儿进行详细的超声波检查,及时发现可能存在的畸形。 Li, S. and Hong, Z., 2015. Lin chuang zhen liao zhi nan. Beijing: Ren min wei sheng chu ban she.

Chinese

致畸性

label

Teratogenicity

MESH_Definition

The formation of CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES.

NCIt_Definition

The result of processes that negatively affect a developing fetus.

prefLabel

Teratogenicity

SIGN_Guidance

Any woman with epilepsy who has given birth to a child with a congenital malformation while taking an antiepileptic drug should be offered review by an obstetrician and an epilepsy specialist before any future pregnancy. 对于任何女性癫痫患者,如果在服用AEDs时生下了患有先天畸形的孩子,在未来怀孕之前应由产科医师和癫痫专家进行评估。 Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network.Diagnosis and management of epilepsy in adults. SIGN 143. Edinburgh, SIGN, 2015. Available at: www.sign.ac.uk/guidelines/fulltext/143/index.html

[GRADES OF RECOMMENDATION:D] Women with epilepsy should be informed that sodium valproate is associated with a higher rate of teratogenicity compared to other antiepileptic drugs.Antiepileptic drug polytherapy regimens including sodium valproate are associated with higher rates of congenital malformations compared to regimens not including sodium valproate. D级推荐:应告知所有女性癫痫患者,与其他AEDs相比,使用VPA有更高的致畸率;与不包括VPA在内的综合治疗方案相比,包含VPA的综合治疗方案致畸率更高。 Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network.Diagnosis and management of epilepsy in adults. SIGN 143. Edinburgh, SIGN, 2015. Available at: www.sign.ac.uk/guidelines/fulltext/143/index.html

Spain_concensus

目前尚无新型AEDs致畸的可靠数据。 There is currently no reliable data on the more novel AEDs, although some have been on the market for more than 10 years. Few articles have addressed this subject and the number of patients on monotherapy is also low. A larger number of cases will be needed to examine any differences regarding such specific malformations as cleft palate and ventricular septal defect, and less frequent ones such as anencephaly. Mauri Llerda JA, Suller Marti A, de la Peña Mayor P, Martínez Ferri M, Poza Aldea JJ, Gomez Alonso J, Mercadé Cerdá JM. The Spanish Society of Neurology's official clinical practice guidelines for epilepsy. Special considerations in epilepsy: comorbidities, women of childbearing age, and elderly patients. Neurologia. 2015 Oct;30(8):510-7. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2014.08.002. Epub 2015 Jan 21. PMID: 25618222. 妊娠期接触AEDs会增加胎儿先天畸形的风险,并可能影响胎儿生长发育和认知发育。妊娠期接受VPA、PB、综合疗法以及GTCS发作次数≥5次于WWE后代认知障碍风险增高相关。 Treatment with VPA, PB, polytherapy, and a history of 5 or more GTCS during pregnancy is associated with the highest risk of cognitive disorders for children of WWE. Mauri Llerda JA, Suller Marti A, de la Peña Mayor P, Martínez Ferri M, Poza Aldea JJ, Gomez Alonso J, Mercadé Cerdá JM. The Spanish Society of Neurology's official clinical practice guidelines for epilepsy. Special considerations in epilepsy: comorbidities, women of childbearing age, and elderly patients. Neurologia. 2015 Oct;30(8):510-7. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2014.08.002. Epub 2015 Jan 21. PMID: 25618222.

subClassOf

http://www.semanticweb.org/administrator/ontologies/2022/0/untitled-ontology-34#OWLClass486741b7_1b61_44ba_b753_e21c41810225

Delete Subject Author Type Created
No notes to display