Authored: Krupa, S, Gopinathrao, G, 2006-06-15 10:36:11 VAMP/synaptobrevin, SNAP-25 and syntaxin are important for synaptic vesicle fusion at the nerve terminal. These proteins constitute the synaptic members of SNARE family (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein) attachment protein receptor, which is central to all membrane fusion events (Umland et al. 1997). These proteins are involved in docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. BoNTs achieve total blockage of neurotransmitter release by selectively inactivating the synaptic SNAREs by proteolysis.<br>The L chains of BoNTs of different serotypes specifically cleave distinct members of the SNARE family: serotypes B, D, F and G act on VAMP/synaptobrevin localized on synaptic vesicles; BoNT-A and E cleave SNAP-25; and BoNT-C cleaves both syntaxin 1 and SNAP-25, two proteins of the pre-synaptic plasma membrane.<br>Sudhof et al. (2001) and Liu et al. (2005) had observed that alpha-laterotoxins from black widow spider target identical neurmuscular junctions by opposite mechanism resulting in massive vesicle exocytosis. The exact molecular details of the action of these toxins may reveal the underlying processes of synaptic vesicle exocytosis/inbition and their regulation. Edited: Gopinathrao, G, 2006-06-15 22:12:29 Reviewed: Ichtchenko, K, 2007-08-03 18:17:25

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0015701

Authored: Krupa, S, Gopinathrao, G, 2006-06-15 10:36:11

VAMP/synaptobrevin, SNAP-25 and syntaxin are important for synaptic vesicle fusion at the nerve terminal. These proteins constitute the synaptic members of SNARE family (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein) attachment protein receptor, which is central to all membrane fusion events (Umland et al. 1997). These proteins are involved in docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. BoNTs achieve total blockage of neurotransmitter release by selectively inactivating the synaptic SNAREs by proteolysis.
The L chains of BoNTs of different serotypes specifically cleave distinct members of the SNARE family: serotypes B, D, F and G act on VAMP/synaptobrevin localized on synaptic vesicles; BoNT-A and E cleave SNAP-25; and BoNT-C cleaves both syntaxin 1 and SNAP-25, two proteins of the pre-synaptic plasma membrane.
Sudhof et al. (2001) and Liu et al. (2005) had observed that alpha-laterotoxins from black widow spider target identical neurmuscular junctions by opposite mechanism resulting in massive vesicle exocytosis. The exact molecular details of the action of these toxins may reveal the underlying processes of synaptic vesicle exocytosis/inbition and their regulation.

Edited: Gopinathrao, G, 2006-06-15 22:12:29

Reviewed: Ichtchenko, K, 2007-08-03 18:17:25

Pubmed12417130

Pubmed16101679

Pubmed11520923

Reactome, http://www.reactome.org

Pubmed10865130

Pubmed9334741

Pubmed7527117

Proteolytic cleavage of SNARE complex proteins

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606

HINO:0015701

Proteolytic cleavage of SNARE complex proteins

Reactome Database ID Release 43168782

ReactomeREACT_11242

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000021

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0015700

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0015706

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HINO_0026729