Biological and Environmental Research Ontology

Last uploaded: December 23, 2022
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Preferred Name

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent
Synonyms
Definitions

Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K+ ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma).
ID

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C97936
code

C97936
Contributing_Source

GDC
definition

Sulfonamide urea derivatives with antihyperglycemic activity. Sulphonylurea antidiabetic agents bind to sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1), the subunit of ATP-sensitive inwardly-rectifier potassium (IKATP) channels on the membranes of pancreatic beta cells, thereby blocking the inward current flow (influx) of positively charged K+ ions into the cell. This results in tonic membrane depolarization, and induces a calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels; increased intracellular calcium ion levels trigger exocytosis of insulin-containing granules. This eventually induces secretion of insulin. The IKATP channels found in pancreatic islets are complexes of four IKATP 6.2 and four SUR1 subunits. In addition, some sulfonylureas of larger molecular size may increase the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma).
in_subset

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C177537

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C157711
Is_Value_For_GDC_Property

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C99532
label

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent
Maps_To

Sulfonylurea
Preferred_Name

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent
prefixIRI

NCIT:C97936
prefLabel

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agent
Semantic_Type

Chemical Viewed Functionally
UMLS_CUI

C3273710
subClassOf

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C29711
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