loading...| Preferred Name | pentobarbital | |
| Synonyms |
Ethaminal Pentobarbital Sodium Mebubarbital Pentobarbituric acid Rivadorm Pentobarbiturate Dorsital Pentabarbital Neodorm Sodium Pentobarbital Mebumal Pentabarbitone Nebralin Nembutal Sodium Nembutal 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione Pentobarbitone 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione 5-ethyl-5-(sec-pentyl)barbituric acid 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid 5-ethyl-5-(pentan-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione Pentobarbital |
|
| Definitions |
A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236) Pharmacology: Pentobarbital, a barbiturate, is used for the treatment of short term insomnia. It belongs to a group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) depressants that induce drowsiness and relieve tension or nervousness. Little analgesia is conferred by barbiturates; their use in the presence of pain may result in excitation. Mechanism of action: Pentobarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. All of these effects are associated with marked decreases in GABA-sensitive neuronal calcium conductance (gCa). The net result of barbiturate action is acute potentiation of inhibitory GABAergic tone. Barbiturates also act through potent (if less well characterized) and direct inhibition of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors, resulting in a profound suppression of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Adjuvants, Anesthesia. Barbiturates. GABA Modulators. Hypnotics and Sedatives A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. |
|
| ID |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7983 |
|
| alternative label |
Nembutal 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione Pentobarbitone 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione 5-ethyl-5-(sec-pentyl)barbituric acid 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid 5-ethyl-5-(pentan-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione Pentobarbital |
|
| charge |
0 |
|
| createdDate |
March 5, 2010 |
|
| database_cross_reference |
HMDB:HMDB0014457 PMID:2579237 PMID:19879734 PMID:1977910 Reaxys:87067 PMID:23345614 PMID:9412440 PMID:15324906 PMID:9599235 PMID:23663566 PMID:23246494 PMID:3654008 KEGG:D00499 DrugBank:DB00312 PMID:9016329 PMID:15857133 KEGG:C07422 PMID:16720246 Wikipedia:Pentobarbital Gmelin:281792 LINCS:LSM-1566 Beilstein:87067 PMID:7154009 PMID:15801854 PMID:23526799 VSDB:3000 Drug_Central:2095 CAS:76-74-4 PMID:2215478 PMID:3599019 PMID:6864729 |
|
| definition |
A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236) Pharmacology: Pentobarbital, a barbiturate, is used for the treatment of short term insomnia. It belongs to a group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) depressants that induce drowsiness and relieve tension or nervousness. Little analgesia is conferred by barbiturates; their use in the presence of pain may result in excitation. Mechanism of action: Pentobarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. All of these effects are associated with marked decreases in GABA-sensitive neuronal calcium conductance (gCa). The net result of barbiturate action is acute potentiation of inhibitory GABAergic tone. Barbiturates also act through potent (if less well characterized) and direct inhibition of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors, resulting in a profound suppression of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Adjuvants, Anesthesia. Barbiturates. GABA Modulators. Hypnotics and Sedatives A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. |
|
| formula |
C11H18N2O3 |
|
| has characteristic | ||
| has exact synonym |
5-ethyl-5-(pentan-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione Pentobarbital |
|
| has role | ||
| has_alternative_id |
CHEBI:102327 |
|
| has_obo_namespace |
chebi_ontology |
|
| has_related_synonym |
Nembutal 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione Pentobarbitone 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione 5-ethyl-5-(sec-pentyl)barbituric acid 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid |
|
| hasExternalSource |
DB00312 |
|
| id |
CHEBI:7983 |
|
| in_subset | ||
| inchi |
InChI=1S/C11H18N2O3/c1-4-6-7(3)11(5-2)8(14)12-10(16)13-9(11)15/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3,(H2,12,13,14,15,16) |
|
| inchikey |
WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
|
| label |
pentobarbital |
|
| mass |
226.27230 |
|
| modifiedDate |
May 21, 2010 |
|
| monoisotopicmass |
226.13174 |
|
| notation |
CHEBI:7983 |
|
| note |
A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236) Pharmacology: Pentobarbital, a barbiturate, is used for the treatment of short term insomnia. It belongs to a group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) depressants that induce drowsiness and relieve tension or nervousness. Little analgesia is conferred by barbiturates; their use in the presence of pain may result in excitation. Mechanism of action: Pentobarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. All of these effects are associated with marked decreases in GABA-sensitive neuronal calcium conductance (gCa). The net result of barbiturate action is acute potentiation of inhibitory GABAergic tone. Barbiturates also act through potent (if less well characterized) and direct inhibition of excitatory AMPA-type glutamate receptors, resulting in a profound suppression of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Adjuvants, Anesthesia. Barbiturates. GABA Modulators. Hypnotics and Sedatives A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. |
|
| preferred label |
pentobarbital |
|
| prefLabel |
pentobarbital |
|
| smiles |
CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O |
|
| synonym |
Ethaminal Pentobarbital Sodium Mebubarbital Pentobarbituric acid Rivadorm Pentobarbiturate Dorsital Pentabarbital Neodorm Sodium Pentobarbital Mebumal Pentabarbitone Nebralin Nembutal Sodium |
|
| subClassOf |