Diagnostic_IHC_Markers

IHC is an excellent detection technique and has the tremendous advantage of being able to show exactly where a given protein is located within the tissue examined. It is also an effective way to examine the tissues. This has made it a widely used technique in the neurosciences, enabling researchers to examine protein expression within specific brain structures. Its major disadvantage is that, unlike immunoblotting techniques where staining is checked against a molecular weight ladder, it is impossible to show in IHC that the staining corresponds with the protein of interest. For this reason, primary antibodies must be well-validated in a Western Blot or similar procedure. The technique is even more widely used in diagnostic surgical pathology for immunophenotyping tumors (e.g. immunostaining for e-cadherin to differentiate between DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ: stains positive) and LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ: does not stain positive)[9]). More recently, Immunohistochemical techniques have been useful in differential diagnoses of multiple forms of salivary gland, head, and neck carcinomas. The diversity of IHC markers used in diagnostic surgical pathology is substantial. Many clinical laboratories in tertiary hospitals will have menus of over 200 antibodies used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Examples of some commonly used markers include: BrdU: used to identify replicating cells. Used to identify tumors as well as in neuroscience research. Cytokeratins: used for identification of carcinomas but may also be expressed in some sarcomas. CD15 and CD30 : used for Hodgkin's disease Alpha fetoprotein: for yolk sac tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma CD117 (KIT): for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mast cell tumors CD10 (CALLA): for renal cell carcinoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia Prostate specific antigen (PSA): for prostate cancer estrogens and progesterone receptor (ER & PR) staining are used both diagnostically (breast and gyn tumors) as well as prognostic in breast cancer and predictive of response to therapy (estrogen receptor) Identification of B-cell lymphomas using CD20 Identification of T-cell lymphomas using CD3(Wikipedia)

http://www.semanticweb.org/hx-jta/ontologies/thyroid_cancer_ontology#Diagnostic_IHC_Markers

免疫组化标记

IHC is an excellent detection technique and has the tremendous advantage of being able to show exactly where a given protein is located within the tissue examined. It is also an effective way to examine the tissues. This has made it a widely used technique in the neurosciences, enabling researchers to examine protein expression within specific brain structures. Its major disadvantage is that, unlike immunoblotting techniques where staining is checked against a molecular weight ladder, it is impossible to show in IHC that the staining corresponds with the protein of interest. For this reason, primary antibodies must be well-validated in a Western Blot or similar procedure. The technique is even more widely used in diagnostic surgical pathology for immunophenotyping tumors (e.g. immunostaining for e-cadherin to differentiate between DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ: stains positive) and LCIS (lobular carcinoma in situ: does not stain positive)[9]). More recently, Immunohistochemical techniques have been useful in differential diagnoses of multiple forms of salivary gland, head, and neck carcinomas. The diversity of IHC markers used in diagnostic surgical pathology is substantial. Many clinical laboratories in tertiary hospitals will have menus of over 200 antibodies used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Examples of some commonly used markers include: BrdU: used to identify replicating cells. Used to identify tumors as well as in neuroscience research. Cytokeratins: used for identification of carcinomas but may also be expressed in some sarcomas. CD15 and CD30 : used for Hodgkin's disease Alpha fetoprotein: for yolk sac tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma CD117 (KIT): for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mast cell tumors CD10 (CALLA): for renal cell carcinoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia Prostate specific antigen (PSA): for prostate cancer estrogens and progesterone receptor (ER & PR) staining are used both diagnostically (breast and gyn tumors) as well as prognostic in breast cancer and predictive of response to therapy (estrogen receptor) Identification of B-cell lymphomas using CD20 Identification of T-cell lymphomas using CD3(Wikipedia)

Diagnostic_IHC_Markers

http://www.semanticweb.org/hx-jta/ontologies/thyroid_cancer_ontology#Cellular_or_Molecular_Interactions