Medical Subject Headings

Last uploaded: March 22, 2026

Id	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D015415 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D015415
Preferred Name	Biomarkers
Definitions	Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc.
Synonyms	Biochemical Marker Biological Markers Markers, Biochemical Surrogate Endpoints Immune Markers Markers, Immune Marker, Biochemical Clinical Marker Viral Marker Endpoint, Surrogate Endpoints, Surrogate Marker, Surrogate Marker, Serum Surrogate End Points Marker, Immunologic Biologic Marker Markers, Laboratory Marker, Laboratory Biochemical Markers Serum Markers Markers, Biologic Markers, Viral Immune Marker Serum Marker Marker, Biological Biological Marker Immunologic Markers Markers, Biological Immunologic Marker Surrogate End Point End Points, Surrogate Viral Markers Marker, Immune Biomarker End Point, Surrogate Marker, Viral Marker, Biologic Markers, Immunologic Clinical Markers Biologic Markers Marker, Clinical Laboratory Markers Surrogate Marker Markers, Surrogate Surrogate Endpoint Laboratory Marker Markers, Serum Surrogate Markers Markers, Clinical See more See less
Type	http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class

definition	Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE and its effects, disease diagnosis; METABOLIC PROCESSES; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; PREGNANCY; cell line development; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; etc.
altLabel	Biochemical Marker Biological Markers Markers, Biochemical Surrogate Endpoints Immune Markers Markers, Immune Marker, Biochemical Clinical Marker Viral Marker Endpoint, Surrogate Endpoints, Surrogate Marker, Surrogate Marker, Serum Surrogate End Points Marker, Immunologic Biologic Marker Markers, Laboratory Marker, Laboratory Biochemical Markers Serum Markers Markers, Biologic Markers, Viral Immune Marker Serum Marker Marker, Biological Biological Marker Immunologic Markers Markers, Biological Immunologic Marker Surrogate End Point End Points, Surrogate Viral Markers Marker, Immune Biomarker End Point, Surrogate Marker, Viral Marker, Biologic Markers, Immunologic Clinical Markers Biologic Markers Marker, Clinical Laboratory Markers Surrogate Marker Markers, Surrogate Surrogate Endpoint Laboratory Marker Markers, Serum Surrogate Markers Markers, Clinical See more See less
prefLabel	Biomarkers
Machine permutation	2016; See BIOLOGICAL MARKERS 1989-2015
HN	2016(1989)
Mapped from	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C406669 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C400901 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C120510 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C561522 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C104853 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C105486 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C493832 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C493833 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C008208 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C000634251 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C101543 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C112761 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C112762 See more See less
type	http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class
tui	T201 T080
TERMUI	T045514 T045505 T045485 T045490 T045499 T045511 T045500 T045503 T045487 T045502 T045488 T045513 T045482 T045498 T045497 T045510 T045481 T045508 T045486 T045501 T045509 T045492 T045504 T045491 T045489 T045493 T045495 T045507 T000995957 T045506 T045478 T045477 T045512 T045483 T686148 T045496 T045479 T045484 T045480 T045494 See more See less
TH	NLM (1997) NLM (1993) NLM (2008) NLM (1990) NLM (1994) NLM (1992) UNK (19XX) NLM (2021) NLM (1989) See more See less
MMR	20200514
notation	D015415
Inverse of RO	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D058068 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D015335
Semantic type UMLS property	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T201 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T080
Inverse of AQ	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000097 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000134 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000378 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000032 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000737 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000652 See more See less
FX	D015335 D058068
DX	19890101
cui	C0162490 C0206015 C0162488 C0162489 C0162492 C0086589 C0005516 C0162491 C0008963 See more See less
DC	1
MN	D23.101
AN	IM general only; coordinate with specific substance; note that many specific markers are available
AQL	AN BL CF CH ME UR
Inverse of RB	0
MDA	20061116
subClassOf	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D001685

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