Medical Subject Headings

Last uploaded: March 22, 2026

Id	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013036 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D013036
Preferred Name	Spasms, Infantile
Definitions	An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)
Synonyms	Symptomatic Infantile Spasm Spasm, Cryptogenic Infantile Lightning Attack Spasm, Nodding Cryptogenic West Syndrome Spasms, Cryptogenic Infantile Cryptogenic Infantile Spasm Infantile Spasms, Symptomatic Hypsarrhythmia Infantile Spasms, Cryptogenic Spasms, Nodding Spasmus Nutans Syndrome, West Seizures, Jackknife Salaam Seizures Attacks, Salaam Infantile Spasm, Symptomatic Attack, Lightning Seizures, Salaam Spasm, Symptomatic Infantile West Syndrome, Symptomatic Lightning Attacks Symptomatic Infantile Spasms Syndrome, Cryptogenic West Jackknife Seizures Spasms, Symptomatic Infantile Seizure, Jackknife Jackknife Seizure Nodding Spasms Nodding Spasm Cryptogenic Infantile Spasms Infantile Spasm Infantile Spasms Hypsarrhythmias Syndrome, Symptomatic West Infantile Spasm, Cryptogenic Salaam Attacks West Syndrome Attacks, Lightning West Syndrome, Cryptogenic Symptomatic West Syndrome See more See less
Type	http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class

definition	An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)
altLabel	Symptomatic Infantile Spasm Spasm, Cryptogenic Infantile Lightning Attack Spasm, Nodding Cryptogenic West Syndrome Spasms, Cryptogenic Infantile Cryptogenic Infantile Spasm Infantile Spasms, Symptomatic Hypsarrhythmia Infantile Spasms, Cryptogenic Spasms, Nodding Spasmus Nutans Syndrome, West Seizures, Jackknife Salaam Seizures Attacks, Salaam Infantile Spasm, Symptomatic Attack, Lightning Seizures, Salaam Spasm, Symptomatic Infantile West Syndrome, Symptomatic Lightning Attacks Symptomatic Infantile Spasms Syndrome, Cryptogenic West Jackknife Seizures Spasms, Symptomatic Infantile Seizure, Jackknife Jackknife Seizure Nodding Spasms Nodding Spasm Cryptogenic Infantile Spasms Infantile Spasm Infantile Spasms Hypsarrhythmias Syndrome, Symptomatic West Infantile Spasm, Cryptogenic Salaam Attacks West Syndrome Attacks, Lightning West Syndrome, Cryptogenic Symptomatic West Syndrome See more See less
prefLabel	Spasms, Infantile
Machine permutation	1977; see HYPSARRHYTHMIA 1963-76
HN	1977(1963)
Mapped from	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C562695 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C537547 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C565296 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C564064 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C536317 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C567924 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C537849 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/C567404 See more See less
type	http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class
tui	T047 T033
TERMUI	T038408 T038411 T038414 T370347 T370348 T038409 T370346 T038413 T038410 T370350 T370349 T370345 T038412 T038407 See more See less
TH	NLM (2000) NLM (1977) NLM (1991) UNK (19XX) ORD (2010)
MMR	20170224
notation	D013036
Semantic type UMLS property	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T047 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T033
Inverse of AQ	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000097 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000178 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000175 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000628 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000276 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000134 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000139 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000266 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000378 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000517 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000662 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000469 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000151 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000150 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000821 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000191 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000196 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000473 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000145 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000382 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000451 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000453 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000534 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000532 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000503 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000188 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000235 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000201 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000209 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000208 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000601 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000000981 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000652 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000523 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/Q000401 See more See less
DX	19770101
cui	C0393699 C0546878 C1527366 C0393698 C0553558 C0037769 C1527306 C0684276 See more See less
DC	1
MN	C10.228.140.490.493.875 C10.228.140.490.375.760
AN	epileptic seizures only: do not confuse with SPASM + INFANT for non-epileptic seizures in infants
AQL	BL CF CI CL CN CO DG DH DI DT EC EH EM EN EP ET GE HI IM ME MI MO NU PA PC PP PS PX RH RT SU TH UR VE VI
MDA	19990101
subClassOf	http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D000073376 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MESH/D004829

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