Cerebellum

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#Cerebellum

Cerebellum

Trancred 2005 The Cerebellum has several functions including the maintenance of balance and posture, the maintenance of correct muscle tone, and the planning and coordination of sequential movements. Structures: Anterior Lobe Brainstem Cerebellar Cortex Cerebellar Hemisphere Cerebellar White Centre Cerebellum - Connections Cerebellum - Gross Dentate Nucleus Fastigial Nucleus Flocculonodular Lobe Hindbrain Horizontal Fissure Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle Interposed Nucleus Midbrain Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Paravermal Zone Pons Posterior Lobe Posterolateral Fissure Primary Fissure Superior Cerebellar Peduncle Vermis Information: The cerebellum (meaning small cerebrum in latin) is the largest component of the hindbrain and occupies the posterior cranial fossa, dorsal to the brainstem. The superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles attach the cerebellum to the midbrain, pons and medulla respectively. It is formed by: (1) an outer cortex, which is very extensive and forms deep transverse folds called folia (2) a medullary (cerebellar) white centre and (3) four pairs of deep nuclei, which are embedded in the medullary centre. The largest and most lateral is the dentate nucleus, the fastigial nucleus is most medial. Between these lie the globose and emboliform nuclei which are collectively referred to as the interposed nucleus. The cerebellum consists of the anterior, posterior and flocculonodular lobes. The anterior lobe is separated from the posterior lobe by the primary fissure. The posterior lobe is separated from the flocculonodular lobe by the posterolateral fissure. The cerebellum can also be subdivided into 3 longitudinal zones which cut across the lobes - 2 cerebellar hemispheres separated from each other by a midline region known as the vermis. Each hemisphere can be further subdivided on the basis of connections into paravermal and lateral zones. The cerebellum is important in the maintenance of equilibrium as well as having an important role in postural control and motor coordination. It receives a variety of inputs form the cerebral cortex, brainstem, vestibular part of the inner ear and spinal cord and, on the basis of this information provides for synchronisation of muscle activity, ensuring that the proper muscles contract at the appropriate time, in the correct sequence and with the correct amount of force. Cerebellar damage thus manifests itself by disturbances in balance and equilibrium as well as lack of motor coordination (but without voluntary paresis). For further details consult the following cards: cerebellum - connections cerebellar cortex

http://www.semanticweb.org/rjyy/ontologies/2015/5/ESSO#Brain_Structure