Menelas definition : "A value is the value of an attribute. Our choice is that values are ideal objects, so there is no distinction between the type and the extension. It is a singular concept. Denotation of the concept type male is male. Besides, values are very close to subfunctional_objects, because these are role played by objects, and hence a value taken by the sub macro_functional object considered as a property or attribute. However, the difference between the two consists in the fact that a value qualify an intrinsic property of an individual, while a subfunctional object qualifies an abstract object according to a point of view that might not even considered when the abstract object is studied for itself. Hence a value is what belongs to a substratum independently to the other substrata. It is sufficient condition, to know that a notion is a value or a substratum, is that a value is related to no other substratum than this one it is a value of and meta values.