loading...| Preferred Name | Manipulative experiment | |
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Observation of an ecological system of interest under specific, controllable circumstances in an effort to evaluate system response. Fundamentally, manipulative or comarative experments (Hurlbert 1984) require 1) random allocation of treatments (ncluding controls) to experimental units from the population under study and 2) replication of each tratment over several experimental units (Fisher 1925). also see the below, from everything2.com A manipulative experiment is one in which the experimenter manipulates the system of study in order to attempt to uncover causal relationships. Such experiments can either be rigidly or loosely controlled. In the former case, investigator may create an artificial system in a laboratory setting and control all confounding variables so as to eliminate ambiguity in the interpretation of results. In the latter case, the investigator may simply modify one or two variables of interest in order to determine how the natural system will respond. The statistical methods used to analyse the data are generally of the analysis of variance type, but there are exceptions (especially in the case of loosely controlled manipulations). Two examples follow, one where rigid control was exercised, and one where loose control was used. |
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http://purl.dataone.org/odo/ECSO_00000506 |
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also see the below, from everything2.com A manipulative experiment is one in which the experimenter manipulates the system of study in order to attempt to uncover causal relationships. Such experiments can either be rigidly or loosely controlled. In the former case, investigator may create an artificial system in a laboratory setting and control all confounding variables so as to eliminate ambiguity in the interpretation of results. In the latter case, the investigator may simply modify one or two variables of interest in order to determine how the natural system will respond. The statistical methods used to analyse the data are generally of the analysis of variance type, but there are exceptions (especially in the case of loosely controlled manipulations). Two examples follow, one where rigid control was exercised, and one where loose control was used. |
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| definition |
Observation of an ecological system of interest under specific, controllable circumstances in an effort to evaluate system response. Fundamentally, manipulative or comarative experments (Hurlbert 1984) require 1) random allocation of treatments (ncluding controls) to experimental units from the population under study and 2) replication of each tratment over several experimental units (Fisher 1925). |
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| definition source |
Morrison, M. L., W.M. Block, M. D Strickland, B. A. Collier, M. J. Peterson. 2008 Wildlife Study Design. Springer Science & Business Media, (via google books, sect 2.4.1, p 42) and cited therein: FIsher. R. A. 1925. Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Oliver and Boyd, London. Hurlbert, S. H. 1984. Pseudoreplication and the design of ecolgical field experments. Ecol Monogr. 54:187-211 |
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Manipulative experiment |
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Manipulative experiment |
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odo:ECSO_00000506 |
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Manipulative experiment |
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