loading...| Preferred Name |
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| Synonyms |
cortex of cerebral hemisphere cortical plate (areas) pallium of the brain cortical plate (CTXpl) cortex cerebri brain cortex cortex cerebralis |
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| Definitions |
The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex. |
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| ID |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000956 |
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| curator note |
We follow NIFSTD in defining cerebral cortex and including both neocortex and hippocampal formation (DG+hippocampus). |
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| database_cross_reference |
BAMS:Cerebral_cortex neuronames:39 BIRNLEX:1494 MAT:0000108 PBA:128011354 EMAPA:17544 EHDAA2:0000234 SCTID:362880003 NCIT:C12443 BTO:0000233 MIAA:0000108 UMLS:C0007776 MESH:D002540 CALOHA:TS-0091 Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex EFO:0000328 VHOG:0000722 BAMS:C BAMS:CTX BAMS:Cx BM:Tel-Cx DHBA:10159 EHDAA:5464 EV:0100166 FMA:61830 GAID:629 HBA:4008 MA:0000185 MBA:688 |
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| definition |
The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex. |
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| depiction |
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Brainmaps-macaque-hippocampus.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg |
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| external_definition |
The cerebral cortex is a structure within the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It constitutes the outermost layer of the cerebrum. In preserved brains, it has a grey color, hence the name 'grey matter'. Grey matter is formed by neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, whereas the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system. The human cerebral cortex is 2-4 mm (0.08-0.16 inches) thick. The surface of the cerebral cortex is folded in large mammals, such that more than two-thirds of the cortical surface is buried in the grooves, called 'sulci. ' The phylogenetically most recent part of the cerebral cortex, the neocortex, also called isocortex, is differentiated into six horizontal layers; the more ancient part of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus (also called archicortex), has at most three cellular layers, and is divided into subfields. Relative variations in thickness or cell type (among other parameters) allow us to distinguish between different neocortical architectonic fields. The geometry of at least some of these fields seems to be related to the anatomy of the cortical folds, and, for example, layers in the upper part of the cortical ridges seem to be more clearly differentiated than in its deeper parts. [WP,unvetted][Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex]. |
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| has_exact_synonym |
cortex of cerebral hemisphere |
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| has_obo_namespace |
uberon |
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| has_related_synonym |
cortical plate (areas) pallium of the brain cortical plate (CTXpl) cortex cerebri brain cortex cortex cerebralis |
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| homology_notes |
Migration of neurons from the basal or striatal portions of the anterior part of the neural tube occurs to varying degrees in different vertebrate classes, but a true cerebral cortex is generally acknowledged to have made its first appearance in reptiles. The definition can be unambiguous, since 'cortex' simply implies the existence of a surface neuronal layer with an overlying 'zonal lamina' or 'molecular' layer containing dendrites and axons, which is separated from the underlying basal 'matrix' by white matter. Although reptilian cerebral cortex does indeed fulfill these conditions in certain locations, the separation from striatal structures is often indistinct, so that it may even be argued that some primitive dipnoans possess a pallium or cortex. Nevertheless, an extensive laminated layer separated by underlying white matter is well represented only in reptiles and mammals.[well established][VHOG] |
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| id |
UBERON:0000956 |
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| in_subset |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#human_reference_atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#efo_slim |
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| label |
cerebral cortex |
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| notation |
UBERON:0000956 |
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| part_of |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000203 |
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| RO_0002175 | ||
| taxon_notes |
hagfishes have independently evolved a highly laminated cerebral cortex, comparable in many ways to the cerebral cortex of mammals [http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743] |
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| treeView |
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000203 |
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| subClassOf |